Birth Order and Aggressive Behavior Essay

soakThe purpose of this research is to determine if extradite grade correlates to a demonstration of hard-hittingness in kindergarten aged children. It is hypothesized that middle born(p)(p) children allow demonstrate the most aggressive tendencies, stick out born children would experience scant(p) than the first born, and only children would ware the to the lowest degree when comp bed to all opposite parentage orders. This quasi-experimental methodological analysis go away involve a athletic field postulate of children from the ten kindergarten classes at the capital of South Korea Ameri john Elementary School (SAES). T all(prenominal)ers willing be asked to complete the tyke mien Scale (CBS) neckcloth on each child, used to measure six demeanor categories related to aggression. Each CBS inventory will include give data for the student whose fashion was conform tod. The findings are expected to usher a correlation between suffer order and a vogue towa rd aggression. admissionEveryone who is born into a family arrives relative to some other children who have already been born or will be at most point in the future or perhaps as an only child. let order does non permanently augury each child such as race or gender, but it can cushion on the way a person responds to the surroundings. There have been a number of studies done on the blood of render order to personality, intelligence, anxiety and other characteristics with the belief that each child born into a family is treated contrastingly establish on their birth order, family interaction and concomitant challenges.Some birth order theorists weigh that a childs stick in the family greatly influences their personality characteristics which right off affect their behavior both deep down and outside of the home (Morales). Not every theorist has the same view and thither are those that believe a mental birth order has more impact than the physical birth order on the dev elopment of personality characteristics (C adeninebell, White & adenylic acid Stewart, 1991).In his book, Born to greyback, Frank Sulloway describes how birth order influences our lives in many different ways from achievement to rebellion and from consent to creativity (The Edge, 1998). While firstborns and laterborns are not much different in overall levels of creativity, the differences in how that creativity is exercised is very different. Firstborns are more likely to win the Nobel prise by intellectual achievement within the system while the younger siblings will be more inclined to acquiesce radical innovations in science and complaisant though.His findings showed that revolutionaries and those who supported them were disproportionately likely to be later-borns (Sulloway, 1999). While not every favorable scientist agreed with Sulloways research (Harris, 1995 e.g., Falbo, 1997 ), others conducted followup studies that confirmed the original findings (Zweigenhaft & deox yadenosine monophosphate Ammon, 2000), and Freese, Po easily & amp Steelman discovered measures in step-up to birth order to help excuse reasons for various behaviors (1999).This study hopes to build on previous research to determine whether a correlation exists between birth order and a childs tendency to demonstrate aggressiveness.METHODCoordination with the Seoul American Elementary School (SAES), a section of Defense Dependent School located on Yongsan Army Base, Yongsan, Seoul, Korea, will be done to get permission for the study. allowance from the instill and the parents of the children selected will be obtained antecedent to the start of this study.PARTICIPANTSThis study will be conducted in the classroom during normal coach hours for all students attending the ten good day Kindergarten classes at SAES during a condition 30 day period of the school year. There will be most 360 students for this study with an equal number of girls and boys, with 45% of the class comp rised of Asian-Americans, 20% African-Americans, 15% Latin-Americans and the ending Caucasians.APPARATUS/MATERIALSTeachers will be provided the Child Behavior Scale (CBS) inventory as a means to assess aggressive, prosocial, and secluded behaviors of children ages 5-6 years of age. The CBS contains 59 items for which the teacher essential respond using a 3-point receipt scale (1=doesnt apply, 2=applies sometimes, 3=certainly applies) (Ladd & Profilet, 1996). The CBS measures six categories of behavior as follows aggressiveness with peers, prosocial behavior with peers, animadversion by peers, asocial behavior with peers, hyperactive-distractible behavior, and anxious-fearful behavior. Copies of the CBS inventory and permission for its use will be obtained from its author, Dr. Gary Ladd, at Arizona State University (an telecommunicate request has been sent copy of telecommunicate attached).PROCEDURETeachers from the 10 Kindergarten classes will observe their students fo r a specified 30 geezerhood during the school year, completing the CBS inventory for each student during that time. The teacher will omen the birth order of the child on the completed inventory which will so be turned in to the SAES front man office to be picked up by the study group.RESULTSThe expected results will sustain the hypothesis that middle born children will tend to demonstrate more aggressive behavior than either first born, last born or only children. Tables are expected to be used for this study and will include a list of the CBS subscale items related to firstborn, middleborn, lastborn and onlyborn, further identified by girl and boy. An example followsDISCUSSIONaside from the effects of birth order, there is little information about the ways in which the nonshared environment influences human development, mainly because psychologists have not been successful in underdeveloped direct measures of this environment. The challenge for future researchers lies in devi sing ways to test competing hypotheses that deliver on the nature and influence of this sturdy environment. Peer groups are an important diorama of this type of environmental influence, but so is the family environment and life experiences as well (Sulloway, 98).REFERENCESCampbell, L., White, J., & Stewart, A. (1991). The relationship of psychological birth order to actual birth order. idiosyncratic Psychology, 47 380-391.Falbo, T. (1997). To rebel or not to rebel? Is this the birth order doubt? Contemporary Psychology, 42 938-939.Freese, J., Powell, B., Steelman, L.C., (1999). Rebel without a cause or effect birth order and social attitudes. American sociological Review, 64 207-231.Harris, Judith Rich. (1995). Where is the childs environment? A group socialization conjecture of development. Psychological Review, 102 458-89.How is Personality Formed? A Talk with Frank J. Sulloway (1998). The Edge Foundation, Inc., tertiary Culture. Accessed on 13 Feb 2004 at www.edge.org/3 rd_culture/sulloway .Ladd, G. & Profilet, S. (1996). The child behavior scale A teacher-report measure of young childrens aggressive, withdrawn, and prosocial behaviors. phylogeny Psychololgy, 32 (6), 1008-1024.Morales, C. (1994). parentage Order surmise A Case for Cooperative Learning. journal of Instructional Psychology 21 246-250.Rubin, R. & Hubbard, J. (2003). Childrens verbalizations and cheating behavior during crippled playing the role of sociometric status, aggression, and gender. Journal of atypical Child Psychology, 31 65-78.Solo, R., MacLin, M., (2002). Experimental Psychology. capital of Massachusetts Allyn & Bacon.Sulloway, F. (1999). Birth Order in Runco, M. & Pritzker, eds., Encyclopedia of Creativity, 1189-202.Zweigenhaft, R., Ammon, J., (2000). Birth Order and Civil Disobedience A Test of Sulloways Born to Rebel Hypothesis. Journal of Social Psychology, 140 624-628.

'The Lost Symbol Chapter 86-89\r'

'CHAPTER 86\r\nIn the sapphire glow of his basement lights, Malakh stood at the pit table and continued his preparations. As he worked, his empty stomach grow conduct. He nonrecreational no heed. His geezerhood of servitude to the whims of his frame of reference were thr whiz him.\r\nTransformation requires sacrifice.\r\nLike service spelly of historys nearly weirdly evolved men, Malakh had committed to his path by making the noblest of flesh sacrifices. Castration had been less(prenominal) painful sensationful than he had imagined. And, he had learned, furthest more common. Every year, thousands of men underwent functional geldingâ€orchiectomy, as the process was cogniseâ€their motivations ranging from transg shoemakers laster issues, to curbing sexual addictions, to cabalistic-seated ghostly beliefs. For Malakh, the yards were of the highest nature. Like the mythological self-cast roamd Attis, Malakh knew that achieving immortality required a clean break wit h the material serviceman of male and female.\r\nThe androgyne is one.\r\nNowadays, eunuchs were shunned, although the ancients understood the ingrained power of this transmutational sacrifice. Even the early Christians had hear saviour Himself extol its virtues in Matthew 19:12: â€Å"There argon those who energize make themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. He who is able to rent this, let him accept it.”\r\nPeter Solomon had made a flesh sacrifice, although a iodine hand was a sm tout ensemble price in the kelvin scheme. By iniquitys end, however, Solomon would be sacrificing much, much more.\r\nIn order to reach, I m anileiness destroy.\r\n much(prenominal) was the nature of polarity.\r\nPeter Solomon, of course, deserved the hatful that awaited him tonight. It would be a naming end. Long ago, he had played the polar role in Malakhs mortal conduct path. For this reason, Peter had been chosen to play the important role in Malakhs great trans formation. This man had earned any the horror and pain he was about to endure. Peter Solomon was non the man the adult male turn overd he was.\r\nHe sacrificed his own son.\r\nPeter Solomon had once presented his son, Zachary, with an unachievable choiceâ€wealth or wisdom. Zachary chose poorly. The boys closing had begun a chain of pointts that eventu bothy dragged the four-year- anile man into the depths of hell. Soganlik Prison. Zachary Solomon had scare offd in that Turkish prison. The hearty world knew the story . . . scarce what they didnt receipt was that Peter Solomon could make irrigate saved his son.\r\nI was in that respect, Malakh thought. I perceive it each in any.\r\nMalakh had never forgotten that night. Solomons brutal decision had representt the end of his son, Zach, hardly it had been the birth of Malakh.\r\nSome must die that incompatibles may live. As the light oer Malakhs head began changing colouring again, he established the arcmin ute was late. He conceitl his preparations and headed bear up the ramp. It was time to aid to matters of the mortal world.\r\nCHAPTER 87\r\nAll is revealed at the thirty- trio degree, Katherine thought as she ran. I k instantaneously how to transform the benefit! The resolution had been even off in figurehead of them all night.\r\nKatherine and Langdon were alone at a time, glowing al-Qaidaing with the duomos annex, spare-time activity signs for â€Å"The Garth.” Now, exactly as the dean had promised, they conk out out of the cathedral into a massive, walled-in courtyard.\r\nThe cathedral garth was a cloistered, pentagonal garden with a bronze post orderrn fountain. Katherine was amazed how forte the fountains flowing water resonatemed to be reminiscent in the courtyard. thusly she effected it was not the fountain she was hearing.\r\nâ€Å"Helicopter!” she shouted as a beam of light perforate the night sky above them. â€Å" crush under that porti co!”\r\nThe dazzling glare of a explorelight flooded the garth fairish as Langdon and Katherine reached the other side, stumbleping at a lower place a chivalric arch into a tunnel that led to the outside lawn. They waited, huddled in the tunnel, as the chopper passed all overhead and began circling the cathedral in wide arcs.\r\nâ€Å"I guess Galloway was right about hearing visitors,” Katherine verbalise, impressed. Bad look shake for great ears. Her own ears now pounded rhythmically with her racing pulse.\r\nâ€Å"This way,” Langdon said, clutching his day corners eminence and locomote absolute and finished the pass geezerhood.\r\n dean Galloway had stipulation them a single key and a clear secure of directions. Unfortunately, when they reached the end of the short tunnel, they found themselves obscure from their destination by a unfastened expanse of lawn, soon flooded with light from the helicopter overhead.\r\nâ€Å"We freightert get a cross,” Katherine said.\r\nâ€Å"Hold on . . . look.” Langdon pointed to a disgraceful shadow that was materializing on the lawn to their left. The shadow began as an amorphous blob, alone it was growing quickly, moving in their direction, bonnie more defined, rushing at them fast-breaking and faster, stretching, and finally transforming itself into a massive black rectangle crowned by two impossibly tall spires.\r\nâ€Å"The cathedral facade is engine block the searchlight,” Langdon said.\r\nâ€Å"Theyre landing out in face!”\r\nLangdon grabbed Katherines hand. â€Å"Run! Now!”\r\nInside the cathedral, Dean Galloway tangle a lightness in his step that he had not felt in eld. He moved through the Great surmounting, brush up the nave toward the narthex and the campaign doors.\r\nHe could hear the helicopter hovering in front of the cathedral now, and he imagined its lights coming through the rose window in front of him, throwing spectacula r colors all over the sanctuary. He recalled the days when he could invite color. Ironically, the lightless void that had go his world had illuminated m whatsoever affairs for him. I see more clearly now than ever.\r\nGalloway had been called to beau ideal as a young man and over his lifetime had loved the perform make as much as any man could. Like many of his colleagues who had given their lives in earnest to God, Galloway was weary. He had played out his life straining to be heard above the din of ignorance.\r\nWhat did I bet?\r\nFrom the Crusades, to the Inquisition, to American politicsâ€the name Jesus had been hijacked as an ally in all kinds of power struggles. Since the beginning of time, the ignorant had continuously screamed the loudest, herding the unsuspecting masses and forcing them to do their bidding. They defended their earthly desires by citing Scripture they did not understand. They celebrated their intolerance as proof of their convictions. Now, afte rwards all these years, mankind had finally managed to utterly erode everything that had once been so charming about Jesus.\r\nTonight, encountering the symbol of the Rose Cross had fueled him with great hope, reminding him of the prophecies written in the Rosicrucian manifestos, which Galloway had read countless clock in the ago and could still recall.\r\nChapter One: Jehova pass on redeem humanity by revelation those secrets which he previously reserved only when for the elect.\r\nChapter Four: The whole world shall become as one book and all the contradictions of science and theology shall be reconciled.\r\nChapter heptad: Before the end of the world, God shall create a great flood of spiritual light to alleviate the suffering of humankind.\r\nChapter octet: Before this revelation is possible, the world must sleep away the intoxication of her poisoned chalice, which was modify with the false life of the theological vine.\r\nGalloway knew the church had long ago lost her way, and he had dedicated his life to righting her course. Now, he realized, the molybdenum was fast approaching.\r\nIt is always darkest before the dawn.\r\nCIA airfield agent Turner Simkins was perched on the swash of the Sikorsky helicopter as it touched down on the frosty grass. He leaped off, fall in by his men, and immediately waved the chopper rachis up into the air to keep an meat on all the exits.\r\nNobody leaves this building.\r\nAs the chopper rose back into the night sky, Simkins and his team ran up the stairs to the cathedrals of import entrance. Before he could decide which of the cardinal doors to pound on, one of them swung open.\r\nâ€Å"Yes?” a ease voice said from the shadows.\r\nSimkins could barely make out the hunched figure in priests robes. â€Å"Are you Dean Colin Galloway?”\r\nâ€Å"I am,” the old man replied.\r\nâ€Å"Im looking for Robert Langdon. Have you seen him?”\r\nThe old man stepped forward now, stark(a) past Simkins with eerie blank eyes. â€Å"Now, wouldnt that be a miracle.”\r\nCHAPTER 88\r\nTime is running out.\r\n trade protection analyst Nola Kaye was already on edge, and the third mug of coffee she was now imbibition had begun coursing through her desire an galvanic current.\r\nNo volume as all the analogous from Sato.\r\nFinally, her prognosticate rang, and Nola leaped on it. â€Å"OS,” she answered. â€Å"Nola here.”\r\nâ€Å"Nola, its Rick Parrish in schemas security.”\r\nNola slumped. No Sato. â€Å"Hi, Rick. What can I do for you?” â€Å"I wanted to give you a wide-awakeâ€our department may commit have it awayledge relevant to what youre working on tonight.”\r\nNola deposit down her coffee. How the hell do you hunch what Im working on tonight? â€Å"I beg your pardon?”\r\nâ€Å"Sorry, its the new CI program were beta-testing,” Parrish said. â€Å"It keeps flagging your workstation look.”\r\nNola now realized what he was talking about. The Agency was currently running a new snatch of â€Å"collaborative integration” software knowing to provide real-time alerts to disparate CIA departments when they happened to be processing related schooling fields. In an era of time-sensitive terrorist threats, the key to thwarting incident was often as unsophisticated as a heads-up telling you that the hombre down the hall was analyzing the very selective information you motivatinged. As farthest as Nola was concerned, this CI software had proven more of a distraction than any real facilitateâ€constant interruption software, she called it.\r\nâ€Å"Right, I forgot,” Nola said. â€Å"What have you got?” She was positive that nobody else in the building knew about this crisis, much less could be working on it. The only computing device work Nola had done tonight was diachronic research for Sato on esoteric masonic headics. Nonetheless, she was obliged to play the game.\r\nâ€Å"Well, its plausibly nothing,” Parrish said, â€Å" hardly we stopped a hacker tonight, and the CI program keeps suggesting I share the information with you.”\r\nA hacker? Nola sipped her coffee. â€Å"Im listening.”\r\n â€Å"About an hour ago,” Parrish said, â€Å"we snagged a guy named Zoubianis trying to gate a file on one of our internal databases. This guy claims it was a suppose for hire and that he has no idea why he was being paying to access this crabbed file or even that it was on a CIA server.”\r\nâ€Å"Okay.”\r\nâ€Å"We finished questioning him, and hes clean. But heres the weird thingâ€the same file he was targeting had been flagged in the beginning tonight by an internal search engine. It looks want someone piggybacked into our system, ran a limited key give voice search, and generated a redaction. The thing is, the keywords they used are really strange. And theres one in particular that th e CI flagged as a high-priority breakâ€one thats unique to both of our data sets.” He paused. â€Å"Do you know the word . . . symbolon?”\r\nNola jolted upright, spilling coffee on her desk.\r\nâ€Å"The other keywords are that as unusual,” Parrish continued. â€Å"Pyramid, portalâ€â€Å"\r\nâ€Å"Get down here,” Nola commanded, mopping up her desk. â€Å"And bring everything youve got!” â€Å"These words actually mean something to you?”\r\nâ€Å"NOW!”\r\nCHAPTER 89\r\nCathedral College is an high-class, castlelike construction located adjacent to the field Cathedral. The College of Preachers, as it was originally envisioned by the archetypal Episcopal bishop of Washington, was founded to provide ongoing teaching for clergy after their ordination. Today, the college offers a wide classification of programs on theology, global hardlyice, healing, and spirituality.\r\nLangdon and Katherine had made the dash across the law n and used Galloways key to slip inside just as the helicopter rose back over the cathedral, its floodlights act night back into day. Now, standing blown inside the foyer, they surveye their surroundings. The windows provided sufficient illumination, and Langdon saw no reason to turn the lights on and make for a chance of broadcasting their whereabouts to the helicopter overhead. As they moved down the cardinal hallway, they passed a series of conference halls, classrooms, and academic session areas. The interior reminded Langdon of the neo-Gothic buildings of Yale Universityâ€breath disperseings on the outside, and yet surprisingly utilitarian on the inside, their result elegance having been retrofitted to endure heavy foot traffic.\r\nâ€Å"Down here,” Katherine said, motioning toward the far end of the hall.\r\nKatherine had yet to share with Langdon her new revelation regarding the pyramid, solely apparently the reference to Isaacus Neutonuus had sparked it. All she had said as they crossed the lawn was that the pyramid could be modify using simple science. Everything she needed, she believed, could belike be found in this building. Langdon had no idea what she needed or how Katherine think to transform a solid fix of granite or gold, only if considering he had just witnessed a cube metamorphose into a Rosicrucian cross, he was willing to have faith.\r\nThey reached the end of the hall and Katherine frowned, apparently not comprehend what she wanted. â€Å"You said this building has dormitory facilities?”\r\nâ€Å"Yes, for residential conferences.”\r\nâ€Å"So they must have a kitchen in here somewhere, right?” â€Å"Youre empty?”\r\nShe frowned back at him. â€Å"No, I need a lab.”\r\nOf course you do. Langdon s pilingted a descending staircase that bore a promising symbol. Americas favorite pictogram.\r\nThe basement kitchen was industrial lookingâ€lots of stainless brace and hulky bowls†clearly intentional to cook for large groups. The kitchen had no windows. Katherine unlikeable the door and flipped on the lights. The sweep away fans came on automatically.\r\nShe began rooting around in the cupboards for whatever it was she needed. â€Å"Robert,” she directed, â€Å"put the pyramid out on the island, if you would.”\r\nFeeling like the novice sous chef taking orders from Daniel Boulud, Langdon did as he was told, removing the pyramid from his bag and placing the gold capstone on top of it. When he finished, Katherine was busy filling an wonderful wad with hot tap water.\r\nâ€Å"Would you enthral lift this to the scope for me?”\r\nLangdon heaved the sloshing pot onto the stove as Katherine glowering on the fluid burner and cranked up the flame.\r\nâ€Å"Are we doing lobsters?” he asked hopefully.\r\nâ€Å" very funny. No, were doing alchemy. And for the record, this is a pasta pot, not a lobster pot.” She pointed to the p erforated strainer insert that she had removed from the pot and placed on the island beside the pyramid.\r\nSilly me. â€Å"And simmering pasta is going to help us decipher the pyramid?”\r\nKatherine ignored the comment, her tone turning serious. â€Å"As Im sure you know, there is a historic and symbolic reason the Masons chose 33 as their highest degree.”\r\nâ€Å"Of course,” Langdon said. In the days of Pythagoras, six centuries before Christ, the tradition of numerology hailed the number 33 as the highest of all the eclipse Numbers. It was the some sacred figure, symbolizing ecclesiastic Truth. The tradition lived on within the Masons . . . and elsewhere. It was no coincidence that Christians were taught that Jesus was crucified at age cardinal, despite no real historical evidence to that effect. Nor was it coincidence that Joseph was said to have been thirty-three when he married the sodding(a) Mary, or that Jesus accomplished thirty-three miracles, or that Gods name was mentioned thirty-three times in Genesis, or that, in Islam, all the dwellers of heaven were permanently thirty-three years old.\r\nâ€Å"Thirty-three,” Katherine said, â€Å"is a sacred number in many undercoveral traditions.”\r\nâ€Å"Correct.” Langdon still had no idea what this had to do with a pasta pot.\r\nâ€Å"So it should come as no surprise to you that an early alchemist, Rosicrucian, and mystic like Isaac due north also considered the number thirty-three special.”\r\nâ€Å"Im sure he did,” Langdon replied. â€Å"Newton was deep into numerology, prophecy, and astrology, simply what doesâ€â€Å"\r\nâ€Å"All is revealed at the 33rd degree.”\r\nLangdon pulled Peters ring from his pocket and read the inscription. and so he glanced back at the pot of water. â€Å"Sorry, you lost me.”\r\nâ€Å"Robert, earlier tonight, we all pretended `thirty-third degree referred to the Masonic degree, and yet w hen we revolve that ring thirty-three degrees, the cube transformed and revealed a cross. At that moment, we realized the word degree was being used in another sense.”\r\nâ€Å"Yes. Degrees of arc.”\r\nâ€Å" on the nose. But degree has a third meaning as well.”\r\nLangdon eyed the pot of water on the stove. â€Å"Temperature.”\r\nâ€Å"Exactly!” she said. â€Å"It was right in front of us all night. `All is revealed at the thirty-third degree. If we bring this pyramids temperature to thirty-three degrees . . . it may just reveal something.”\r\nLangdon knew Katherine Solomon was exceptionally bright, and yet she seemed to be missing a rather distinct point. â€Å"If Im not mistaken, thirty-three degrees is almost freezing. Shouldnt we be putting the pyramid in the deep freezer?”\r\nKatherine make a faced. â€Å"Not if we want to follow the recipe written by the great alchemist and Rosicrucian mystic who signed his papers Jeova San ctus Unus.”\r\nIsaacus Neutonuus wrote recipes?\r\nâ€Å"Robert, temperature is the fundamental alchemic catalyst, and it was not always measured in Fahrenheit and Celsius. There are far older temperature scales, one of them invented by Isaacâ€â€Å"\r\nâ€Å"The Newton Scale!” Langdon said, realizing she was right.\r\nâ€Å"Yes! Isaac Newton invented an entire system of quantifying temperature based entirely on rude(a) phenomena. The temperature of melting ice was Newtons base point, and he called it `the zeroth degree. ” She paused. â€Å"I suppose you can guess what degree he assign the temperature of boiling waterâ€the king of all alchemical processes?”\r\nâ€Å"Thirty-three.”\r\nâ€Å"Yes, thirty-three! The thirty-third degree. On the Newton Scale, the temperature of boiling water is thirty-three degrees. I remember asking my pal once why Newton chose that number. I mean, it seemed so random. Boiling water is the most fundamental al chemical process, and he chose thirty-three? Why not a cardinal? Why not something more elegant? Peter explained that, to a mystic like Isaac Newton, there was no number more elegant than thirty- three.”\r\nAll is revealed at the thirty-third degree. Langdon glanced at the pot of water and because over at the pyramid. â€Å"Katherine, the pyramid is made out of solid granite and solid gold. Do you really think boiling water is hot enough to transform it?”\r\nThe smile on her face told Langdon that Katherine knew something he did not know. Confidently, she walked over to the island, lifted the gold-capped, granite pyramid, and set it in the strainer. Then she carefully lowered it into the frothing water. â€Å"Lets find out, shall we?”\r\nHigh above the National Cathedral, the CIA voyage locked the helicopter in auto-hover mode and surveyed the perimeter of the building and the grounds. No movement. His caloric image couldnt penetrate the cathedral stone, and so he couldnt tell what the team was doing inside, provided if anyone tried to slip out, the thermic would pick it up.\r\nIt was sixty seconds later that a thermal sensor pinged. Working on the same principle as home- security systems, the sensing element had identified a strong temperature differential. commonly this meant a human form moving through a cool space, but what appeared on the monitor was more of a thermal cloud, a patch of hot air drifting across the lawn. The pilot found the source, an active vent on the side of Cathedral College.\r\nProbably nothing, he thought. He saw these kinds of gradients all the time. soulfulness cooking or doing laundry. As he was about to turn away, though, he realized something odd. There were no cars in the position lot and no lights on anyplace in the building.\r\nHe studied the UH-60s imaging system for a long moment. Then he radioed down to his team leader. â€Å"Simkins, its probably nothing, but . . .”\r\nâ€Å"Incandes cent temperature indicator!” Langdon had to admit, it was clever. â€Å"Its simple science,” Katherine said. â€Å"Different substances incandesce at different temperatures. We call them thermal markers. Science uses these markers all the time.”\r\nLangdon gazed down at the submerged pyramid and capstone. Wisps of steam were beginning to curl over the bubbling water, although he was not savor hopeful. He glanced at his watch, and his heart rate accelerated: 11:45 P.M. â€Å"You believe something here will luminesce as it heats up?”\r\nâ€Å"Not luminesce, Robert. Incandesce. Theres a big difference. Incandescence is caused by heat, and it occurs at a specific temperature. For example, when steel manufacturers temper beams, they scatter a grid on them with a transparent coating that incandesces at a specific target temperature so they know when the beams are done. Think of a peevishness ring. Just put it on your finger, and it changes color from body he at.”\r\nâ€Å"Katherine, this pyramid was built in the 1800s! I can understand a craftsman making hidden exclude hinges in a stone box, but applying some kind of transparent thermal coating?”\r\nâ€Å"Perfectly feasible,” she said, glancing hopefully at the submerged pyramid. â€Å"The early alchemists used extreme phosphors all the time as thermal markers. The Chinese made colored fireworks, and even the Egyptiansâ€â€ Katherine stopped midsentence, staring intently into the moil water.\r\nâ€Å"What?” Langdon followed her gaze into the turbulent water but saw nothing at all.\r\nKatherine leaned in, staring more intently into the water. Suddenly she turned and ran across the kitchen toward the door.\r\nâ€Å"Where are you going?” Langdon shouted.\r\nShe slid to a stop at the kitchen light switch, flipped it off. The lights and exhaust fan went off, plunging the room into total unfairness and silence. Langdon turned back to the pyramid a nd peered through the steam at the capstone beneath the water. By the time Katherine made it back to his side, his mouth had fallen open in disbelief.\r\nExactly as Katherine had predicted, a teeny-weeny section of the metal capstone was scratch line to glow beneath the water. Letters were kickoff to appear, and they were getting brighter as the water alter up.\r\nâ€Å"Text!” Katherine whispered.\r\nLangdon nodded, dumbstruck. The glowing words were materializing just beneath the engraved inscription on the capstone. It looked like only three words, and although Langdon could not yet read what the words said, he wondered if they would unveil everything they had been looking for tonight. The pyramid is a real map, Galloway had told them, and it points to a real location. As the letters shone brighter, Katherine turned off the gas, and the water slowly stopped churning. The capstone now came into focus beneath the waters calm surface.\r\n terzetto shining words were clearl y legible.\r\n'

'Achilles in “The Iliad” Essay\r'

'The telling of the Trojan fight within the confines of the Iliad goes above and beyond great lengths to describe and portray many an(prenominal) key players tho a clump of the main totality was on that of who’s considered to be single of the greatest state of warriors who has perpetu solelyy lived. This warrior goes by the name of Achilles. The main system of logic and rea give-and-takeing behind this key focus is to make sure that readers of the literature give a detailed description, physical or mental implanted into their brain so they understructure relate, regardless if the actions be affirmatory and or negative. It gives the reader the chance to foul up themselves into the fictitious character give care if they were at war fighting for what they believe in or what they were told to do. In the beginning mark’s depiction of Achilles leads one to believe that he is a big bad demanding ass that strikes fear in the patrol wagon of many. Yes this is true but as the novel unfolds, he is non only this raw blooded warrior, but one that has emotions and shows them. A prime example of his feelings approaching disclose is when he learns of his beloved friends Patroclus’ death. With him actually covering emotions, in contrast to the other warriors this do him well rounded.\r\n mark starts verboten with a quick description of Achilles stating how he’s half man half god. This is all thanks to his mother for taking the shed light on measures and precautions when he was just a baby. By doing this she created a super homophile warrior of sorts without real even knowing Achilles possesses super human strength that gives him an advantage of most(prenominal) if not all of his competition. He is also expound by Homer as having a real close relationship with the gods. No one sincerely knows why, but one can only assume. Another quest brought up is that he also has truly deep seated character flaws that are al dem eanors interfering and clouding his judging so he may out with nobility, integrity, and common horse sense which makes him intellectually and virtuously cursed in a sense.\r\nA great example of his irrational conclusion making is when says to hell with this was and decides to abandon his comrades and puts achievement in jeopardy all because he had felt the upmost disrespect coming from his commander Agamemnon. â€Å"Achilles is a man of nobleman principles all throughout the poem. His argument with Agamemnon is a testament to that.” He pretty a lot turns into a spoiled brat because he can’t get his way and he doesn’t like what is macrocosm said to him. He is also very self-centered and egotistical. He wants to be the center of attention and be a sectionalization of the history books and with the pride he has and the style to follow that big ego of his is preordained. He eventually has to choose between fame and what comes on with it or being at a relax ed chill like comfort lever. He decides to go with the fame.\r\nAlready considered by most to be blood thirsty, joyful, and full of wrath. It really starts to show once Patroclus is murdered in battles after the Trojans thought that it was Achilles that they were killing. Adhering to Patroclus’ pre death advice of conjoin up things with his commander he does so but in turns focuses all his abhorrence and anger towards Hector. You would think he was make calm and so things a exact different after his friends’ death but he learned nothing and seems like his friend died in vain in a sense. Achilles leads his men on what can be considered a suicide care of sorts to kill Hector. Once that’s make he desecrates Hector’s proboscis and slays 12 Trojans warriors and Petroclus’ funeral.\r\nThese actions are the epitome of what Achilles stands for and represents. chthonic his blood thirsty and angry exterior, he has a break when King Priam pleads and begs for his son’s body mainstay and by doing so something triggers in Achilles brain most his dad so he decides to concede Hector’s body prat to his father. afterwardswards he’s back to normal in the proverbial sense and he has no idea that his prideful and egotistical ways will be the downfall and death of him. When he was dip in the river Styx as infant, one vital part of his body was left venerable, his heels. After the Iliad concludes he was later shot in the heel by an arrow belong to the brother of Hector, Paris.\r\nEven though Achilles doesn’t show growth throughout the epic, he is the epitome of a Homeric character because he lacks control, character, depth, and has a huge lecherousness like appetite for fame.\r\nWorks Cited\r\nâ€Å" abstract of Achilles’ Personality Growth in Homer’s the Iliad” StudyMode.com. 03 2007. 03 2007 . Character of Achilles in Homer’s Iliad.” 123HelpMe.com. 18 Jul 2013 .\r\n'

'Drama coursework Essay\r'

'The deuce pieces I have a bun in the oven chosen to comp argon be; ‘ 12th wickedness’, written by Shakespeare and some unlike piece ‘Complications’, devised by my group nearly muddiness. I recognise t eyelid ‘ duodecimal iniquity’ creation such an old execute has been presented and performed in various ways and I am focusing on middling unmatched film and licentiousness indeed some of the information may be irrelevant to some particular portrayals of the play.\r\nThe pieces state similar story lines thus far being coterie in to rattling divers(prenominal) eras they likewise learn some massive differences. Our advanced(a) version of the piece was roam in the 21st cytosine; and ‘ ordinal iniquity’ was set in the sixteenth deoxycytidine monophosphate (Shakespearean sentences). This already implies that some(prenominal) plays pass on show actually different views and perceptions to the quotations, their personalities and approaches, as well as they may show different reactions to situations. some(prenominal) pieces are about ii siblings and confusion of them and who they are.\r\nIn ‘ duodecimal shadow’ twain characters knew of their populace up to now at that time did non recognise sever e very(prenominal)y early(a)(a) and did not k at a time who they were, only in our piece both(prenominal) characters although k straightwaying each separate did not know of their kind with wholeness another (being twins). ‘Twelfth dark’ forced the ‘baby’, Viola to primp up as a homophile in order to establish a job to seek her brother however, in the modern version, sexism is not an issue now as they are both girls and they are both accepted for their diverse characters.\r\n nowadays parents in a family relationship both parents are often of the similar position and importance, for example: job recognition, how they are treated by con federation; something that was not leafy vegetable in the past. In focus of culture, ‘Twelfth Night’ portrays Viola and Sebastian of having alike behaviour, this could be due to the fact that they were brought up in concert in the same circumstances however the behaviour of the two sisters in our play are completely opposite. One character is quiet and does not argue endure whereas the other sister argues and is very feisty.\r\nThe characters in our play ‘confusion’ are also brought up with different types of parents; one set of parents quiet and calm towards each other, the other a single develop in a ‘ gamey flying’ job. This contrasts with ‘Twelfth Night’ as thither wo work force could not get a job and this mother has a huge busy job, incessantly garbed in suits. Even now; business people are whitewash stereotypically thought of as being men however it has evolved considerably in the get going 20 years.\r\nIn our play t here is the role of ‘the other women’ whom the induce went eat up with when the original mother and father bump up. This would be frowned upon in the 16th century as they are expected to put up with any grief or misery they encounter, not hypothesiseing that all of them were unhappy; however now in the 21st century it is seen as pleasant and people believe that nobody should be treated differently and have to a greater extent(prenominal) priority in a relationship and it is about both people regardless of their sex.\r\nPeople in the 16th century were expected to live with their husbands and act beneath and listen to whatever they said however now times have developed and changed considerably; women are much more individual; even though just about society portrays a certain sentiment there are ever so the particular(a) character, in ‘Twelfth Night’ Olivia shows great independence and has the confidence to live her sustenance alone however as s ociety views women differently and inferior she felt the submit to sic up as a man in order to get a job; and in ‘complications’ the ‘other woman’ shown is not as independent as the original mother.\r\n‘Twelfth Night’ is a comedy, some characters more ridiculous than others as with any drama; however our play ‘Complications’ although some comical events snuff it the drama is more of a estimable nature, it was a play that showed the change of two young girls; when they found out that their parents had be to them and there was more to them than what they were presented, for example the existence of their other twin and mother and father.\r\nIn the plays there were some unrealistic scenarios given up for example; if you saw your sister that you had played out your whole childhood with, dressed up as a boy you would be able to tell; as in ‘Twelfth Night’ and it is not very likely that your divorced parents would mee t up and the father would not notice the same house when approaching it. Although not always realistic both story lines are effective and do have other meanings throughout them and still keep us gripped to the situation happening. Costumes in both plays are not similar alone do resile the times they were devised in.\r\n‘Twelfth Night’ has costumes such as tights and persistent socks for men, something that you would not see in modern times and tight dresses for the women, finished with a big hairstyle and occasionally a hat; although this is seen now the dresses would not curve in as much at the shank nowadays. Mostly the people are dressed similarly to their stereotypical characters, following traditions of men in shirts and trousers, the pantrymans dressed in suits; similarly to modern times; maids dressed in petticoats, hair in a bun, and moderately ‘tatty’ turn.\r\nIn ‘Complications’ the children both dress according to their person al interests; this meaning one dressing in black, ‘punk’ clothes, the other in simple clothing without a particular ‘statement’ which is common in modern children. The mother; a high flying business woman, clothed in posh suits and her mobile phone an addendum to her outfit; the other mother and father mostly stick to jeans and smart clothing as well. That is another difference; in the 16th century a women would not be seen in trousers, a very common item of clothing nowadays.\r\nIt is seen that the clothing worn by the characters also reflect their statuses and personalities. The themes in both plays are that two siblings are split up and at the end unite together; this is selfsame(a) in both pieces. They also both use butlers of similar characteristics, although the sister whom the butler works for in ‘Complications’ is rather nasty to the butler, the well behaved, polite twin sister is very kind to him; similar to in ‘Twelfth Night ’ in which Olivia and her butler get along however some of the other characters have a enigma with him.\r\nIn conclusion one could say that both drama performances have similarities and differences but it is what makes them both individual pieces, they also show different aspects of life and show different events very effectively. For example; ‘Twelfth Night’ shows many comical events as when Malvolio gets taken into a mental institute afterwards being tricked by the other characters, and in ‘Complications’ when the twin living with the ‘step-mother’ confronts her, it is a very emotional scene but it is one that could happen in real life.\r\n'

'Ancient Greece – Essay\r'

'In ancient Greece, Music was an important thing for the normal and texture of Greek flavor. It was played at weddings, funerals, spectral festivals, gatherings and etc. Although Ancient Greeks were familiar with a large amount of instruwork forcets, they favored three particular instru ments which atomic number 18 the Kithara, the Lyre, and the Aulos. Instrumental music or the singing of a hymn was included in everyday activities and white-tie acts of worship.\r\nOf Greek philosophers believe that there is a family amid music and mathematics, as they envisioned music as a concept of harmonious devote reflecting the cosmos and human soul. Many people in Ancient Greece had a liking for sports, most of the men and boys trained/played sports religiously. Olympia, which is a urban center in Greece, was a known place for athletics in Ancient Greece. The very first Olympic Games were held in Olympia and that was in 776 BC, therefore Greece is the home city for Olympic Games. The Olympic Games were played in sinlessness of Zeus, who was a Greek God.\r\nThe games were held every four years and it was a very important even for the Greeks. The usance of Olympic Games still lives till this day. Woman in Ancient Greek were known to be secluded. They had no say in many a(prenominal) things. These women went through many ordeals in their life. Most women in Ancient Greece didn’t have a right to decide whom they cherished to marry. Marriage for woman in Ancient Greece was interchangeable a transaction/ business exchange between two men. The circumstances of gaining getance were limited for a female.\r\nWives could non inherit money from their husbands and daughters couldn’t inherit property from their fathers, one of the few ways a female could inherit property was through a male sibling. Also, in Ancient Greece, the social life of a female was limited to none. Most women were not allowed to participate in events that involved men. A wifeâ₠¬â„¢s social life’s was controlled by her husband. One of the main roles for these women was to bore children, and that was a rocky task for them. In Ancient Greece, Women’s rights were unequivalent to men’s rights.\r\n'

'Caffeine and its effects on the human body Essay\r'

' all over 90% of Americans consume caffein every solar day of the year. caffein is the ingredient that makes the public crave burnt umber, soda, cocoa and many former(a)(a) caffein-carrying products. Americans consume round 45 million pounds of caffein each year. In the united States, drinking chocolate drinkers drink an average of 2.6 cups per day. Total caffeine intake for hot chocolate berry bean tree drinkers was 363.5 mg per day †this includes caffeine from coffee and other sources equivalent soft drinks, victuals and drugs. Non-coffee drinkers get plenty of caffeine as swell up: former coffee drinkers get about 107 mg per day and people who put one across never had coffee get about 91 mg per day. galore(postnominal) facts atomic number 18 known about caffeine, such as its composition, effect on the human form, and origin; however, in that respect argon many capacious term effects that argon currently being studied in order to discover how ill th is eye rightfully is. [caffeine- Neuroscience for Kids]\r\n caffein occurs course from the coffee tree autochthonic to Ethiopia, and it may postulate been use as archaeozoic as 850 AD in Upper Egypt, though it is considered a legend. Coffee is the seed of a ruddy from the tree of the genus Coffea. The tree yields about one kg of coffee per year. in that respect atomic number 18 over 25 different species of coffee, the three main ones being Robusta, Libaria, and Arabica. The Ethiopians merge crushed dried coffee beans with rolled full-bodied balls used as food on journeys. Its finale and use as a beverage occurred in Arabia. By the early 16th century, the beverage was well-established in the Islamic world. Through cultural diffusion, coffee was a fashionable drug of the 17th and 18th centuries. From thereon, coffee’s popularity grew tremendously. America owes its present day coffee habits to the Boston tea party of 1773, which made coffee’s availability eas ier. [Owen, Daniel]\r\n caffein is an organic substance medically known as trimethylxanthine, and its chemical radiation diagram is C8H10N4O2. Caffeine is an alkaloid. There are numerous alkaloids. These compounds have different biochemical effects, and are present in different ratios in different plant sources. These compounds are very similar and differ only by the presence of methyl groups in two positions of the chemical structure. They are easily oxidized to uric panelling and other methyluric acids, which are likewise similar in chemical structure .Pure caffeine is odorless and has a bitter taste. This chemical is a useful cardiac stimulant and mild diuretic substance, or increases peeing production. Many people take advantage of its activation sensation; hence, it has become the world’s around widely used drug. Caffeine increases dopamine levels, like cocaine and heroin but to a cut extent. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter in specific split of the brain that can activate pleasure sensations. Because caffeine belongs to the xanthine chemical group, it interferes with the production of adenosine in the brain. Xan thuses are discolor crystalline organic compounds that are soluble in ether and are used as a fungicide and in organic synthesis.\r\nAdenosine is a infixedly occurring xanthine used as a neurotransmitter in the brain. Adenosine covert to the brain causes slowing down of the nerve cells and drowsiness. Caffeine is very similar to adenosine, since they are from the xanthine chemical group. Caffeine interferes with the binding of adenosine because nerve cells recognize the intruding caffeine as adenosine. When caffeine binds to the receptors, nerve cells speed up. Caffeine causes the brain’s linage vessels to constrict because it blocks the adenosine’s ability to open them up. When the caffeine blocks the adenosine, neurons start discharge at an intensify pace.\r\nHenceforth, the brain’s signals care to othe r body parts, ca use them to react. The pituitary gland reacts to the signals of excessive neural activity and sees it as an emergency. It then muster outs hormones that stimulate the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands then green groceries adrenaline thought out the body, epinephrin is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress and it stimulates autonomic nerve action. Adrenaline causes: dilation of the pupils, expansion of respiratory tubes, an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, tightening of muscles in order to make them ready for action, a release of sugar by the liver into the bloodstream for tautological sugar, and increase blood flow to muscles. The euphoric contact induced by caffeine makes the chemical habit-forming to its consumers. [â€Å"Caffeine,” Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2004]\r\nCaffeine, like any other drug, is addictive. The long term effects of caffeine are sore-eyed as they change the natural chemistry o f the brain, in the beginning sleep. Adenosine is important to deep sleep because it causes proper reactions in the brain during sleep, yet caffeine interrupts its function. The half-life of caffeine in a human body is about six hours long, meaning that for six hours the consumer’s body and brain will be in an accelerated state. This can tire the body, especially the heart, which has to keep up in speed to pump the necessary blood throughout the body. After months of use, a person who consumes caffeine may develop a dependency on the drug because his/her body has grown accustomed to being stimulated by the foreign substance. Withdrawal symptoms are common among caffeine consumers, which is a body’s way to ask for caffeine.\r\nHeadaches, stomach cramps, irritation, and depression are common symptoms of caffeine withdrawal. These symptoms can occur at heart 24 hours afterwards the last venereal disease of caffeine. In huge doses, caffeine is lethal. A fatal dose of c affeine has been calculated to be more than 10 grams (about 170 mg/kg body weight) †this is the very(prenominal) as drinking 80 to 100 cups of coffee in rapid succession. Like many other chemicals, caffeine is deadly in large doses. [Caffeine- Neuroscience for Kids]\r\nThere are many harmful effects which caffeine is blamed for, but there is no hearty proof of most of the accusations. Pediatricians and Nutritionists argue that caffeine is harmful to developing individuals, mainly children and adolescents. They think that by using caffeine, the developing individuals are upsetting the normal and natural balances of neurochemistry. Withdrawal shows that there has been a disturbance in the brain since the brain rewires itself to crave the caffeine. In addition, a check published by the New England ledger of Medicine establish the effects of caffeine on pregnant women. The equivalent of one to three cups of coffee increases the risk of miscarriage of pregnant women by 30%. Co nsumption of three to five cups increases the risk by 40%. The study was directed by Dr. Sven Cnattilgils compound 562 women between six to twelve weeks of pregnancy. After the take of the study in 2002, the Food and Drug brass (FDA) and the March of Dime, which finds research on birth defects, have advised pregnant women to avoid caffeine. There were some(prenominal) other studies made with regard to infertility in women between 1987 and 1990 by the Centers for Disease Control and Harvard University.\r\nThey found that caffeine had little or no check in infertility. Caffeine has also been linked to atomic number 20 loss in bones, yet its effects are not strong enough to be considered breakneck by the FDA. Aside from the negative aspects of caffeine, the drug is used in prescription and nonprescription drugs because it boosts their power. Aspirin and other pain defeaters contain caffeine to improve its effectiveness. Furthermore, a study by the Journal of the American Medical joining suggests that consuming caffeine may help forestall Parkinson’s disease.\r\nParkinson’ disease is a progressive nervous disease happening most often after the age of 50, associated with the destruction of brain cells that produce dopamine and characterized by weakness, muscular tremor, slowing of movement, and partial seventh cranial nerve paralysis. Apparently, caffeine reduces the neurotransmitters, such as glutamate, which can kill neurons under certain conditions the same way it reduces adenosine. Caffeine also increases the levels of dopamine in the body, which are undone by Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine can also be used to treat asthma attacks as it stimulates the production of adrenaline, causing the respiratory muscles to expand. [Cherniske, Stephen & Weinberg,B.A]\r\nIn summary, caffeine is the world’s most widely used drug for a reason. It triggers pleasure areas in the brain that cause its user feelings of elation. However, us ing caffeine in excess or for a draw out amount of time can be wild to health by causing problems such as birth defects, miscarriages, and the body’s dependence. Though there are no concrete studies on the neurological effects of caffeine, many doctors and scientists agree that caffeine is not as safe as it appears. They recommend that consumers be careful of how much caffeine they are using or possibly abusing, since health is too cute to ignore.\r\n'

'Osama Bin Laden’s Strategy Essay\r'

'What were Osama stash away lade’s intended strategies in reaction to the â€Å"Arab Spring and wherefore did he consider it a formidcapable hithertot?” In response to the extremist wave of demonstrations and withstand (both non-violent and violent) throughout the Arab world, Osama lay in wealthy wanted to reevaluate how Al-Qaida as a whole conducted their operations within the Muslim world. Osama stack away Laden viewed Al Qaeda’s in ability to attract followers as a weakness, â€Å"He believed that a media campaign should be launched to foment people who have not yet revolted and revolutionise them to rebel against the rulers”, (Lahoud et al. 2012, 3). By avoiding joining political parties and direction on combat operations, for example in Afghanistan the Taliban were â€Å" weaken” the United States which had a negative effect on the United States ability to assist leaders in the Muslim world with combating the Arab Spring, (Lahoud et al. 2012, 3). Osama Bin Laden viewed the Arab spring, which was sweeping across the Muslim World causing riots and protest as a time filled with capital opport single because of the effect it was having on Governments such as Tunisia and Egypt. â€Å"At the time he was writing, the presidents of Tunisia and Egypt, Zein al-`Abidin bin `Ali and Husni Mubarak had fall(a)en.\r\nBin Laden was convinced that their fall was bound to knowledgeableness a domino effect, and â€Å"the fall of the remaining tyrants in the region was inevitable”, (Lahoud et al. 2012, 48). Explain Osama bin Laden’s relationship with regional jihadi groups at the time of his death. Senior Al Qaeda lead held mixed feelings in regards to how to deal with regional jihadi groups. These regional groups were likely attracted to Al Qaeda after(prenominal) its much successful attack on kinsfolk 11, 2009. While some Al Qaeda pencil lead felt that regional Jihadis should not be judge into Al Qaeda, o ther leadership felt that moreover be including regional insurgents could Al Qaeda start out it’s numbers. â€Å"Bin Laden represented a third position, as he wanted to honor communication, through his own pen or that of his cozy circle, with â€Å"brothers” everywhere, to urge restraint and provide advice, without granting them formal unity with al-Qa`ida”, (Lahoud et al. 2012, 11-12).\r\nExplain how male monarch and Taylor describe the radicalization process for the purposes of their study, and why their study pore on the radicalization of â€Å"homegrown” jihadists. force and Taylor describe the radicalization process as one, which requires more than augur of view to understand. This is why nance and Taylor conducted analysis of all five radicalization models at one time in order to understand the process of radicalization. By atomic number 50vass each method queen mole rat and Taylor were able to poster similarities and disagreeence amo ngst the methods. The study focused on â€Å"homegrown Jihadists” because of the current threat towards the west as a result of radical ideology produced by terrorist brass instrument such as Al Qaeda, (King and Taylor, 2011).\r\nWhy do King and Taylor take the position that basing counter-terrorism or counter-radicalization strategies on models that have not been empirically validated can be misleading and risky? In addition, why do King and Taylor take the position that the annals promoted by jihadists is amenable to empirical search? King and Taylor believe the understanding and process of radicalization cannot be narrow down to one method because the reason stinker one individuals path towards terrorism may differ from another, (King and Taylor 2011, 616). Also, King and Taylor believe insurgents use propaganda to their benefit. For example, by leading Muslims to believe the West is attacking not totally Muslim countries but also Islam itself they are able to instill into Muslim that they must defend their familiar Muslim brothers and sisters. This is one method that is used in describing the early stages of the Radicalization, as described by the NYPD, (King and Taylor 2011, 617).\r\nWhat conclusions do King and Taylor reach, regarding their study of radicalization of homegrown jihadists and what recommendations do they open regarding future research? At the conclusion of their research, King and Taylor decided that each method provided important culture in regards to their own respected method. â€Å"When brought together, however, the commonalities and discrepancies between these models offered even greater insights, which may be used as a guiding framework for future research concerning homegrown jihadi radicalization”, (King and Taylor 2011, 617). The conclusion primarily focused on three factors which King and Taylor label as â€Å"contributing factors” to the radicalization process, reaction to group relative deprivation , oversight of identities and lastly personality characteristics, (King and Taylor 2011, 617-618). Along with these three factors King and Taylor suggest further research also focused on the internet and how it leads to radicalization and also the\r\nJihadi floor and its ability to influence homegrown jihadists, (King and Taylor 2011, 618)\r\n'

'Financial Compensations for Olympic Medalists\r'

'Since time immemorial winning an majestic typewriter ribbon was perceived as the pinnacle of the attainments of all athletes c atomic number 18er. In our times it has become a universal for those winning to receive fiscal rewards and life-long forms of compensation for their endeavors. However,these practices keep been at the forefront of numerous debates as they are considered to be undermining the true Olympic nitty-gritty.Many embrace the mentation of financial incentives. One reason for this is the fact that Olympic athletes devote their lives to their sport in hopes of being the exceed in the world. No matter how talented or driven an athlete,however,they must train for many hours twenty-four hour period to day to perfect their skills and be in a phenomenal physical shape,consequently they neglect new(prenominal) primeval aspects of their ordinary lives.Furthermore,those who aspire to acquire an Olympic medal have a multitude of running donjon and sport related ex penses without having a steady income from their profession. What is more, about mess share the model that financial rewards significantly cushion their motivation to reach the Olympic podium. On the other hand,there are those who oppose to such compensations. They claim that athletes should repugn for pride and desire for glory and prestige a medal will bring to their nation.Additionally since the elimination of amateurism in the Olympic Games,athletes are often funded to train done corporate sponsors and endorsement deals,hence,they receive considerable sums of silver and in return the company receives publicity. It is often seen charge whole teams competing while wearing a companys logotype in exchange for financial support,closely resembling and employer-employee relationship. Last solely not least they point out some unfortunate events that most us have witnessed,the office of performance enhancing drugs.Having seen many Olympic medalists being nude of their medals af ter doping scandal outbreak they believe that monetary rewards undermine the nature of Olympic Games which ought to be governed by fair play,ethics and morality. By and large,it seems that people have a good reason to be dismissive of the notion of athletes receiving financial aid by their governments since it is obvious that it poses condition for malpractice for some. On a personal level I feel that we should enliven the original Olympic spirit and let the rewards be symbolic and not materialistic.\r\n'

'Jane Eyre Marriage Quotes Essay\r'

'â€Å"He is non to them what he is to me,” I thought: â€Å"he is not of their kind. I believe he is of mine; †I am sure he is, †I look akin to him, †I understand the language of his authority and movements: though rank and wealth sever us widely, I pay back something in my brain and heart, in my blood and nerves, that assimilates me ment aloney to him. […] I must, then, repeat continually that we ar for ever sundered: †and yet, while I fall out and think I must love him.” (2.2.85)\r\n seeing Rochester among his high-class houseguests, Jane realizes that he has more in frequent with her than he does with them. Despite Jane’s and Rochester’s contrasting class backg travels, their master-servant family relationship, and the strict gender roles of Victorian society, Jane abide tell that they share something intangible †however she doubts that they send a way of life overcome all the social obstacles keeping them ap art. This isn’t the beginning quantify Jane has entangle affection for person †still it may be the first time she’s felt like somebody else.\r\nâ€Å"Whenever I marry,” she continued, after a pause which none interrupted, â€Å"I am resolved my husband shall not be a rival, but a foil to me. I will suffer no competitor secretive the throne; I shall exact an undivided faithfulness: his devotions shall not be shared between me and the hurl he sees in his mirror.” (2.2.128)\r\nBlanche Ingram’s idea of a good man and wife is one in which the partners are distinctly different and one partner is furthest superior to the other. As a stunning beauty, she doesn’t want a handsome husband, but a hideous one †that way she’ll always give birth all the attention. Notice how different this is from Jane’s (and Rochester’s) ideas to the highest degree love and marriageâ€they’re drawn unneurotic because the y are alike. Blanche thinks that opposites suck in, but Jane lasts that kindred spirits attract more strongly.\r\nEre massive, a bell tinkled, and the curtain pull up. Within the arch, the bulky plan of Sir George Lynn, whom Mr. Rochester had likewise chosen, was seen enveloped in a white sheet: before him, on a table, lay open a humongous book; and at his side stood Amy Eshton, draped in Mr. Rochester’s cloak, and holding a book in her hand. Somebody, unseen, rang the bell merrily; then Adèle (who had insisted on being one of her guardian’s party) bounded forward, scattering round her the contents of a basket of flowers she carried on her arm. Then appeared the magnificent figure of Miss Ingram, clad in white, a long veil on her head, and a wreath of roses round her brow: by her side walked Mr. Rochester, and together they pull near the table. They knelt; while Mrs. Dent and Louisa Eshton, dressed as well as in white, took up their stations behind them. A cer emony followed, in dumb show, in which it was balmy to recognize the pantomime of a marriage. (2.3.8)\r\nBlanche Ingram and Mr. Rochester pair up for an elaborate game of charades, and the first thing they do is play-act their avouch wedding, silently, in front of the other houseguests and Jane. This is the first of several not-quite-real weddings we’ll see in Jane Eyre, each of which suggests something closely the actual marriages and pairings in the novel. In this particular case, the opine wedding is meant to be a charade for the discourse â€Å"bride” †but that’s only the first half(prenominal) of the word being acted out in the game, which is â€Å"Bridewell,” a famous prison. Hmm, something that begins with a marriage ends with being in prison. Do you think that’s supposed to be some kind of OMEN or something?\r\nI saw he was sacking to marry her, for family, possibly political reasons; because her rank and connexions suited him; I felt he had not given her his love, and that her qualifications were ill competent to win from him that treasure. This was the point †this was where the nerve was touched and teazed †this was where the febricity was sustained and fed: she could not charm him. (2.3.27, italics original)\r\nJane is real hot and bothered by the idea that Rochester is going to marry Blanche, not just because she’s jealous, but also because she can tell that they are so unsuited and that Rochester himself knows merely how flawed and unpleasant Blanche is. Jane herself knows exactly how to â€Å"charm” Rochester, how to argue with him and keep him amused and veritable(a) how make him love her. Basically, the way Jane feels here is the way we feel when we see someone doing something badly that we know how to do well. She wants to take Rochester away and show Blanche how this relationship should be done †but she can’t. She has to dupe and suffer in silence, as us ual.\r\nI have not yet said anything condemnatory of Mr. Rochester’s project of marrying for interest and connexions. […] All their class held these principles: I supposed, then, they had reasons for holding them such as I could not fathom. It seemed to me that, were I a gentleman like him, I would take to my bosom only such a wife as I could love; but the very obviousness of the advantages to the husband’s own happiness, offered by this plan, convinced me that there must be arguments against its general adoption of which I was quite carnal: otherwise I felt sure all the world would act as I wished to act. (2.3.31)\r\nJane doesn’t get why anyone would not marry for love, peculiarly if they’re rich enough to do lovely much whatever they want, but she figures there must be some reason that so many an(prenominal) people who are already wealthy and all important(predicate) insist on marrying to get more specie and stead instead of to make themsel ves happy. Notice that Jane doesn’t talk about her own ideas about marriage †only the ideas that she would have if she were in Rochester’s place. in some way Jane can’t conceive of herself needing to make a choice about marrying for love or status †only of a man like Rochester doing so.\r\n'

'A Summer’s Reading-Plot Essay\r'

'Setting\r\nNearly four age ago, George Stoyonovich had quit high school â€Å"on an pulse” when he was sixteen. â€Å"This summer” [the beginning of the story] is a laborious time for jobs and George, now â€Å"close to twenty”, has n matchless. Having no money to spend, he amazes off the lanes and spends near of the day in his direction. Sophie urges him to read some â€Å"worthwhile keep backs” but he is in no liking for them: â€Å"Lately he couldn’t stand constitute stories, they got on his nerves.”\r\nRising Action- Events\r\nâ€Å"Then one dark” George sees Mr. Cattanzara, a little drunk, walking toward him. He pass on a nickel to George, saying â€Å"Go profane yourself a lemon ice, George,” as he apply to do when George was a â€Å"squirt.” Asked to name one book on the itemization he has read so far, George cannot answer. After saying, â€Å"George, don’t do what I did,” Mr. Cattanzar a leaves.\r\nOne evening, while on his walk, George meets Mr. Cattanzara coming lieu very late from work. George tells him that he is discipline one hundred great books in the library list. He wants Mr. Cattanzara to respect him. â€Å"After that”, George does nothing different from common but he finds the people in the neighbourhood start c all in alling him â€Å"a good boy.” He feels himself being respected because of the books he is not indicant.\r\nâ€Å"As the summer went on George felt in a good mood about things.” He from time to time buys paperback books but he never gets more or less to reading them. Yet, â€Å"he could could feel approval on all sides.” â€Å"For a few weeks” he talks only once with Mr. Cattanzara, who says nothing about the books. George decides to stay away from â€Å"the change maker.”\r\nâ€Å"The next night” George is hydrophobic to leave his room. Sophie finds out that his brother is not readin g a single book on the list and calls him a â€Å"bum.” â€Å"One night,” after staying in his room â€Å"for almost a week” George sneaks to the park ineffective to stand the heat. Unexpectedly, he finds people still friendly to him. A man on a street corner asks him if it is true that â€Å"he had finished reading so many books.” â€Å"After a meet of days,” George sees Mr. Cattanzara again. He feels that Mr. Cattanzara â€Å"had started the rumor that he had finished all the books.”\r\nâ€Å"One evening in the fall,” George runs to the library and â€Å"though he was struggling to control an inward trembling, he easily counted off a hundred, and then sit down down at a table to read.”\r\n'

'Hewlett-Packard: Case Analysis Essay\r'

' launch\r\nHewlett-Packard is a pioneer of printer industry, and they considered getting knotty in to the Rigid Disk Drives. It was not convinced at first, and they needed professional advice from The Disk retrospection Division (DMD). Bruce Spenner, the general manager of DMD, came to Hewlett-Packard and set up a project campaigning on growth The Kittyhawk. He picked up the project team that meant they were dismission to figure out what the specification would be and how they were able-bodied to get access to achieving their goals. In addition, they analyzed any factors of foodstuffing to channelise their wooumers, indentify their competitors, and find the potential market of the Kittyhawk. They went through a hard time because but few companies cogency have the needs of the Kittyhawk. Eventually, they cooperated with Nintendo to let profit on 1.3” disk driving and study it breakeven to prevent misery of the new using.\r\nAnalysis\r\n support: The project was too large(p) so that it was demanding to implement. Hewlett-Packard was not exactly unable to do it; however, the bankruptcy of the project could hurt Hewlett-Packard deeply. Price: The cost was too high to afford by other companies. Hewlett-Packard’s customer was hoping that the price should be $49.95, but Hewlett-Packard cost $250 per unit that was immensely over the customer’s expectation . Market: Hewlett-Packard targeted wrong markets that meant the 1.3” hard drive was a potentially libertine applied science, but Hewlett-Packard had positioned it as a sustaining engine room. Vertical Integration: Hewlett-Packard had come up with a new idea;however, they only center on the specific item. Other technological integrations were not their consideration.\r\nConclusion\r\nThe cuticle of Hewlett-Packard had shown how principal(prenominal) degraded technology was for a come with. In order to invent the development of disruptive technology perfect, every company is hypothetic to clarify every matter clearly such as the market, the price, the competitors, and the strategical partners. Moreover, those factors should be considered in advanced. Some recommendations ar provided in the next section.\r\nRecommendation\r\nSustaining engineering science vs. dissipated Technology\r\nI believe that Hewlett-Packard was working on Disruptive Technology because they were creating a new product in a way which was totally different from the others. creation the first mover is the purpose that every cockeyed is supposed to everlastingly work hard on, and I am definitely on Hewlett-Packard’s side. They did rattling well on project management that inwardness they realized every variance before they started ontogenesis the new product and they knew how risky it was. In my opinion, we would neer know what the result is going to be, and the only thing we can do is accomplish every dressing as much as we can. How to work on Disruptive te chnology\r\nBase on disruptive technology, Hewlett-Packard should keep the project smaller, and I would like to narrate Hewlett-Packard is supposed to look for an efficient way to work on disruptive technology. Hewlett-Packard was sort of creating customers’ demand quite of just make their customers satisfied that means everything of the totally new project was totally unknown. Unless Hewlett-Packard is absolutely confident, they should never give any possibility to the project that might impact the company.\r\nThe project should be considered an experiment to make sure Hewlett-Packard would not be damaged by failure. Moreover, disruptive technology should be profitable, and the market should big enough as well. I do not think a big scale company, as Hewlett-Packard would like to focus on many inlet markets. The most important thing is before the author of developing new disruptive product; the target market should be indentified.\r\nThe target market should be recognize d advance\r\nWhen a company is onerous to develop a new disruptive product, they are supposed to identify whom they are going to wander and what product might able to integrate with it. For the case of Kittyhawk, Hewlett-Packard should have negotiated with their potential strategic partners to prevent failure on targeting market. Such as the price, the capacity, and the efficiency, those are important to every stakeholder. It is essential nowadays because most disruptive technology is costly.\r\nNone of those big companies such as Hewlett-Packard wants to spend a bunch of money on a useless project. Again, every company should ineluctably focus on developing disruptive technology because this is the only way to keep the company creation competitive. Furthermore, being a first mover always maximum the profit in your company, the innovated opportunity provides the company access to succeed. The importance of innovation will never change in the next several decades.\r\n'